Welcome
Welcome to the second Wikiwijs of this schoolyear! This time the Wikiwijs is a bit smaller than the last time you did it. That's because I also have testweek coming up, so I just chose a few topics from your grammar book for you to practise with. This time you only have one lesson to work in the Wikiwijs but that should be enough. Whatever you don't finish, you can do at home!
Hopefully you get something out of it, I tried to collect as much exercises as I could for you to practice with<3
If some of the explanations are still a bit unclear, you can always go back to the grammar book itself and go through it.
Countable and uncountable nouns
Nouns can be countable or uncountable.
Countable nouns can be counted, e.g. an apple, two apples, three apples, etc.
Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, e.g. air, rice, water, etc.
When you learn a new noun, you should check if it is countable or uncountable and note how it is used in a sentence.
Countable nouns
For positive sentences we can use a/an for singular nouns or some for plurals.
- There's a man at the door.
- I have some friends in New York.
For negatives we can use a/an for singular nouns or any for plurals.
- I don't have a dog.
- There aren't any seats.
Uncountable nouns
We use some with uncountable nouns in positive sentences and any with negatives.
- There's some milk in the fridge.
- There isn't any coffee.
Exercises
15 exercises (un)countable nouns
8 exercises
-ing clauses
You can use an -ing clause in the following situations:
- When two things happen at the same time
Isabelle is in the kitchen making coffee = she is in the kitchen while making coffee
- When one action happens during another action. We use -ing for the longer action
Joe hurt his knee during football.
- When one action happens before another action. We then use having (done) for the first action
Having finished her work, she went home.
- To explain something, or to say why somebody does something
Feeling tired, I went to bed early = because I felt tired
exercises
3 exercises
https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/int/grammar/grammar_10_012e?cc=nl&selLanguage=en
https://talkpal.ai/grammar_exercises/participle-clauses-for-english-grammar/
https://www.grammarbank.com/participle-clauses-exercise.html
This one is if you want to challenge yourself!
Wordwalls
To see somebody do and see somebody doing
Olivier got into his car and drove away. You saw this. You can say:
- I saw Olivier get into his car and drive away.
So, somebody did something and you saw this = I saw somebody do something
- He fell off the wall and I saw this = I saw (past simple) him fall (base form of the verb) of the wall.
Yesterday you saw Kyara. She was waiting for a bus. You can say:
- I saw Kyara waiting for a bus.
Here we use the -ing form for the action we see. This is because we see the person when they're in the middle of the action. We don't see the complete action from start to finish.
Another example
- He was walking along the street. I saw this when I drove past in my car = I saw him walking along the street.
exercises
Oefening: Fill in the gaps
Start
To..., for... and so that...
Look at these examples:
- I phoned the restaurant to reserve a table.
- What do you need to make bread.
- We shouted to warn everybody of the danger.
- This letter is to confirm the decisions we made at our meeting last week.
- The president has a team of bodyguards to protect him.
In these examples the word 'to' tells us the purpose of something: why somebody does something, has something, needs something etc., or why something exists.
You can say 'for somebody to do something':
- There weren't any chairs for us to sit on, so we sat on the floor.
You can use for -ing or to... to talk about the general purpose of something, or what it is generally used for:
- I use this brush for washing the dishes. or ...to wash the dishes.
We use so that especially:
When the purpose is negative
- I hurried so that I wouldn't be late.
with can and could
- She's learning English so that she can study in Canada.
You can leave out that. So you can say:
- I hurried so that I wouldn't be late. or I hurried so I wouldn't be late.
exercises
http://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-purpose.php
https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/purpose-to-for/
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/purpose-exercise.html
adjective + to
James doesn't speak very clearly.
Compare these two sentences:
1. It is difficult to understand him.
2. He is difficult to understand.
You can use the same structures with many different words like:
- Easy, nice, safe, cheap, dangerous, exciting, impossible etc.
Example:
1. Do you think it's safe to drink this water?
2. Do you think this water is safe to drink?
You can say 'it's nice of somebody to do something':
- It was nice of you to take me to the airport.
You can use adjective + to... to say how somebody reacts to something:
- I'm sorry to hear that your mother isn't well.
Exercises
https://worksheet.books4languages.com/english/872/adjectives-to-infinitives/
https://www.grammar-quizzes.com/infinitive3c.html
http://random-idea-english.blogspot.com/2011/09/adjectives-after-verb-to-be-followed-by.html
A/an and the
We use the when we are thinking about a specific thing. Compare a/an and the:
1. Tim sat down on a chair (perhaps one of many chairs in the room)
2. Tim sat down on the chair nearest the door ( a specific chair)
If I say, "Let's read the book," I mean a specific book. If I say, "Let's read a book," I mean any book rather than a specific book.
The difference between a and an
A is used before a noun that starts with a consonant sound (e.g., “s,” “t,” “v”). An is used before a noun that starts with a vowel sound (e.g., “a,” “o,” “i”).
exercises
22 exercises
https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/artikel.htm
3 exercises
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-articles-2.php?utm_content=cmp-true
wordwall
