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  • Environmental Toxicology – open online textbook
    • Developments in Environmental Toxicology: Interview with two pioneers
  • Chapter 1: Environmental toxicology
  • 1.1. Environmental toxicology
  • 1.2. DPSIR
  • 1.3. Short history
  • Chapter 2: Environmental Chemistry, Chemicals
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Pollutants with specific properties
    • 2.2.1. Metals and metalloids
    • 2.2.2. Radioactive compounds
    • 2.2.3. Industrial Chemicals
    • 2.2.4. POPs
    • 2.2.5. Persistent Mobile Organic Chemicals (PMOCs)
    • 2.2.6. Ionogenic organic chemicals
    • 2.2.7. Complex mixtures/UVCBs
    • 2.2.8. Plastics
    • 2.2.9. Nanomaterials
  • 2.3. Pollutants with specific use
    • 2.3.1. Crop Protection Products
    • 2.3.2. Biocides
    • 2.3.3. Pharmaceuticals and Veterinary Pharmaceuticals
    • 2.3.4. Drugs of abuse
    • 2.3.5. Hydrocarbons
    • 2.3.6. CFCs
    • 2.3.7. Cosmetics/personal care products
    • 2.3.8. Detergents and surfactants
    • 2.3.9. Food and Feed Additives
  • Chapter 3: Environmental Chemistry, from Fate to Exposure
  • 3.1. Environmental compartments
    • 3.1.1. Introduction
    • 3.1.2. Atmosphere
    • 3.1.3. Hydrosphere
    • 3.1.4. Sediment
    • 3.1.5. Soil
    • 3.1.6. Groundwater
    • 3.1.7. Biota
  • 3.2. Sources of chemicals
  • 3.3. Pathways and processes determining chemical fate
  • 3.4. Partitioning and partitioning constants
    • 3.4.1. Relevant chemical properties
    • 3.4.2. Sorption
    • 3.4.3. Quantitative Structure Property Relationships (QSPRs)
  • 3.5. Metal speciation
  • 3.6. Availability and bioavailability
    • 3.6.1. Availability and Bioavailability definitions
    • 3.6.2. Assessing available concentrations of organic chemicals
    • 3.6.3. Assessing available metal concentrations
  • 3.7. Degradation
    • 3.7.1. Chemical and photochemical degradation processes
    • 3.7.2. Biodegradation
    • 3.7.3. Degradation test methods
  • 3.8. Modelling exposure
    • 3.8.1. Multicompartment modeling
    • 3.8.2. Metal speciation models
    • 3.8.3. Modeling exposure at ecological scales
  • Chapter 4: Toxicology
  • Section 4.1. Toxicokinetics
  • 4.1. Toxicokinetics
    • 4.1.1. Bioaccumulation
    • 4.1.2. Toxicokinetics
    • 4.1.3. Tissue accumulation of metals
    • 4.1.4. Xenobiotic defence and metabolism
    • 4.1.5. Allometric relationships
    • 4.1.6. Food chain transfer
    • 4.1.7. Critical Body Concentration
  • Section 4.2. Toxicodynamics & Molecular Interactions
  • 4.2. Toxicodynamics & Molecular Interactions
    • 4.2.1. Protein Inactivation
    • 4.2.2. Receptor interaction
    • 4.2.3. Oxidative stress - I. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants
    • 4.2.3. Oxidative stress - II. Induction by chemical exposure and possible effects
    • 4.2.4. Cytotoxicity: xenobiotic compounds causing cell death
    • 4.2.5. Neurotoxicity
    • 4.2.6. Effects of herbicides
    • 4.2.7. Chemical carcinogenesis and genotoxicity
    • 4.2.8. Endocrine disruption
    • 4.2.9. Developmental toxicity
    • 4.2.10. Immunotoxicity
    • 4.2.11. Toxicity mechanisms of metals
    • 4.2.12. Metal tolerance
    • 4.2.13. Adverse Outcome Pathways
    • 4.2.14. Genetic variation in toxicant metabolism
  • Section 4.3. Toxicity testing
  • 4.3. Toxicity testing
    • 4.3.1. Bioaccumulation testing
    • 4.3.2. Concentration-response relationships
    • 4.3.3. Endpoints
    • 4.3.4. Selection of test organisms - Eco animals
    • 4.3.5. Selection of test organisms - Eco plants
    • 4.3.6. Selection of test organisms - Microorganisms
    • 4.3.7. Selection of test organisms - Birds
    • 4.3.8. In vitro toxicity testing
    • 4.3.9. Human toxicity testing - I. General aspects
    • 4.3.9. Human toxicity testing - II. In vitro tests
    • 4.3.9. Human toxicity testing - III. Carcinogenicity assays
    • 4.3.10. Environmental epidemiology - I. Basic Principles and study designs
    • 4.3.10. Environmental epidemiology - II. Quantifying disease and associations
    • 4.3.11. Molecular epidemiology - I. Human biomonitoring
    • 4.3.11. Molecular epidemiology - II. The exposome and internal molecular markers
    • 4.3.12. Gene expression
    • 4.3.13. Metabolomics
  • Section 4.4. Increasing ecological realism in toxicity testing
  • 4.4. Increasing ecological realism in toxicity testing
    • 4.4.1. Mixture toxicity
    • 4.4.2. Multistress Introduction
    • 4.4.3. Multistress - biotic
    • 4.4.4. Multistress - abiotic
    • 4.4.5. Chronic toxicity - Eco
    • 4.4.6. Multigeneration toxicity testing - Eco
    • 4.4.7. Tropical Ecotoxicology
  • Chapter 5: Population, Community and Ecosystem Ecotoxicology
  • 5.1. Introduction: Linking population, community and ecosystem responses
  • 5.2. Population ecotoxicology in laboratory settings
  • 5.3. Wildlife population ecotoxicology
    • 5.3.1. Forensic investigation into crash of Asian vulture populations
    • 5.3.2. Otters, to PCB or not to PCB?
  • 5.4. Trait-based approaches
  • 5.5. Population models
  • 5.6. Metapopulations
  • 5.7. Community ecotoxicology
    • 5.7.1. Community Ecotoxicology: theory and concepts
    • 5.7.2. Community ecotoxicology in practice
  • 5.8. Structure versus function incl. ecosystem services
  • 5.9. Landscape ecotoxicology
  • Chapter 6. Risk assessment & regulation
  • 6.1. Introduction: the essence of risk assessment
  • 6.2. Ecosystem services and protection goals
  • 6.3. Predictive risk assessment approaches and tools
    • 6.3.1. Environmental realistic scenarios (PECs) – Human
    • 6.3.2. Environmental realistic scenarios (PECs) – Eco
    • 6.3.3. Setting reference levels for human health protection
    • 6.3.4. Setting safe standards for ecosystem protection: the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC)
    • 6.3.5. Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSDs)
    • 6.3.6. Mixtures
    • 6.3.7. Predicting ecotoxicity from chemical structure and mode of action (MOA)
  • 6.4. Diagnostic risk assessment approaches and tools
    • 6.4.1. Effect-based monitoring: In vitro bioassays
    • 6.4.2. Effect Directed Analysis
    • 6.4.3. Effect-based monitoring: In vivo bioassays
    • 6.4.4. Effect Based water quality assessment
    • 6.4.5. Biomonitoring: in situ bioassays and contaminant concentrations in organisms
    • 6.4.6. TRIAD approach for site-specific ecological risk assessment
    • 6.4.7. Eco-epidemiology
  • 6.5. Regulatory Frameworks
    • 6.5.1. REACH human
    • 6.5.2. REACH environment
    • 6.5.3. Pesticides (EFSA)
    • 6.5.4. Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in Europe
    • 6.5.5. European Water Framework Directive
    • 6.5.6. Policy on soil and groundwater regulation
    • 6.5.7. Drinking water
  • 6.6. Risk management and risk communication
  • 6.7. Risk perception
  • 7. About
    • Citation
    • About the editors
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Other contributors
    • Acknowledgements
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Environmental Toxicology, an open online textbook

Environmental Toxicology, an open online textbook

Environmental Toxicology – open online textbook

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The arrangement Environmental Toxicology, an open online textbook is made with Wikiwijs of Kennisnet. Wikiwijs is an educational platform where you can find, create and share learning materials.

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Toxicologie tekstboek SURF
Last modified
2025-11-25 15:17:19
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Additional information about this learning material

The following additional information is available about this learning material:

Description
This open online textbook aims at providing the student with basic knowledge on different aspects of Environmental chemistry, Environmental toxicology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotoxicological risk assessment. The book has modular design, each module having some clear learning objectives, a limited amount of information and some questions to check whether the knowledge offered is understood.
End user
leerling/student
Difficulty
gemiddeld
Learning time
4 hour 0 minutes
Keywords
ecotoxicological risk assessment, ecotoxicology, environmental chemistry

Sources

Source Type
Developments in Environmental Toxicology: interview with two pioneers
https://youtu.be/08owH-YMuoI
Video

Used Wikiwijs arrangements

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

1. Introduction

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120137/1__Introduction

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

2. Environmental Chemistry - Chemicals

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120172/2__Environmental_Chemistry___Chemicals

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

3. Environmental Chemistry - From Fate to Exposure

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120175/3__Environmental_Chemistry___From_Fate_to_Exposure

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

4. Toxicology

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120176/4__Toxicology

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

5. Population, Community and Ecosystem Ecotoxicology

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120181/5__Population__Community_and_Ecosystem_Ecotoxicology

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

6. Risk Assessment & Regulation

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/120183/6__Risk_Assessment___Regulation

Toxicologie tekstboek SURF. (z.d.).

7. About this textbook

https://maken.wikiwijs.nl/153211/7__About_this_textbook

Environmental Toxicology, an open online textbook
en
Toxicologie tekstboek SURF
2025-11-25 15:17:19
This open online textbook aims at providing the student with basic knowledge on different aspects of Environmental chemistry, Environmental toxicology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotoxicological risk assessment. The book has modular design, each module having some clear learning objectives, a limited amount of information and some questions to check whether the knowledge offered is understood.
leerling/student
PT4H
ecotoxicological risk assessment, ecotoxicology, environmental chemistry

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