Dear pupil,
You are about to start Unit 'Health and care'.
How are you going to practise?
You are going to practise your English reading, listening and speaking skills.
What are you going to do?
You are going to read, listen, and speak about 'Health and care'.
Need help?
If possible, ask a classmate or your teacher to help you.
Have fun!
What are you able to do?
Before you are going to start this theme, it's a good idea to think about what you already know about health and care in English.
Answer the following questions to find out. Lees de volgende zinnen en geef per onderdeel aan hoeveel je al weet.
Kies uit: 'No, not at all', 'Yes, a little' of 'Yes, no problem at all'.
Listening
I can understand conversations about health and care.
Reading
I can understand websites and texts about health and care.
Speaking
I can talk about health and care.
Vocabulary
I know the most important words and expressions about health and care.
Need to know
What do you need to know?
Voordat je met dit thema begint, ga je met elkaar over 'gezondheid en zorg' praten.
Beantwoord de volgende vragen in jouw groepje.
Ben je vaak verkouden?
Ga je vaak naar de dokter?
Heb je wel eens hoofdpijn of buikpijn?
Ga je regelmatig naar de tandarts?
Ben je ergens allergisch voor?
Heb je ooit in het ziekenhuis gelegen?
Eet je gezond?
Beweeg je genoeg?
Rook/roken jij of je ouders?
Wat kan je doen om gezond te blijven?
Goals
At the end of this theme:
you will have listened to people talking about health and care;
you will have read texts about health and care;
you will have spoken about health and care;
you will have learnt vocabulary about health and care
Lesson 1 Good health
Task 1 - Listening
Friendly dental care
You are going to listen to a conversation between a dentist and his patient.
First read the questions.
Listen to the recording.
Answer the questions.
Listen again and read the audio script.
Read the questions.
What is the man's initial reason for visiting the dentist?
What problem does the dentist discover when he takes a look in the patient's mouth?
When does the man feel discomfort?
What is one method of treatment the dentist does NOT mention?
What does the dentist use to minimize the patient's pain during the procedure?
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
Listen to the recording again. You can read the audioscript while listening.
Patient: Hi. Dr. Hyde? Dentist: So, what's seems to be the problem today? Patient: Well, I just came in for a check up and a dental cleaning. Dentist: Hum. Open up. Let's take a look ... Patient: Okay. Uh ... Dentist: Hummmm. [Humm? Uh?] Wow! I've never seen one like THIS before. Let me try this. Patient: Uhhh ... Ouhhhh [Man screaming in pain ...] Dentist: Well, besides a lot of plaque buildup, there is a major cavity in one of your wisdom teeth. [I feel that.] Hasn't this given you any trouble? Patient: Well, the tooth has been bothering me, and it sometimes hurts when I drink something cold. Does it look that bad? Dentist: Well, we're going to remove the decay, and then we'll either put a filling in, or if the decay is extensive, we can't repair it, we might have to put a crown on your tooth. Or as a last resort, we may have to extract the tooth. Patient: Uh, well, that sounds painful! Dentist: Don't worry. I've done this . . . once before. [Huh?] Nah, just relax. Patient: Wait! Aren't you suppose to give me something to dull the pain? Dentist: Uh, chicken. Oh yeah. I almost forgot. We can either use a local anesthetic or nitrous oxide . . . laughing gas. . . to minimize the discomfort you might feel. Or you can just grin and bear it. Patient: Nah, Nah, nah! Put me under! [I thought so.] I can't stand pain, and I'd rather not be aware of what's going on. And, if I need a filling, can I get one that looks like my other teeth? Dentist: If we can save the tooth with a filling, I recommend a high-strength silver alloy filling instead of a porcelain one. It'll probably last longer. Patient: Okay, well whatever. Let's get it over with. Dentist: Okay, pleasant dreams. Drill please.
Task 2 - Reading
Factors of good health
You are going to read a text about the World Health Organisation.
Health is the general condition of a person's mind, body and spirit, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
Generally, the context in which an individual lives is of great importance on health status and quality of life. It is increasingly recognized that health is maintained and improved not only through the advancement and application of health science, but also through the efforts and intelligent lifestyle choices of the individual and society.
According to the World Health Organization, the main determinants of health include the social and economic environment, the physical environment, and the person's individual characteristics and behaviors. In fact, an increasing number of studies and reports from different organizations and contexts examine the linkages between health and different factors, including lifestyles, environments, health care organization, and health policy.
Focusing more on lifestyle issues and their relationships with functional health, data from different studies suggested that people can improve their health via:
exercise,
enough sleep,
maintaining a healthy body weight,
limiting alcohol use,
and avoiding smoking.
In addition to that, the ability to adapt and to self manage have been suggested as core components of human health.
Personal health also depends partially on the social structure of a person's life. The maintenance of strong social relationships, volunteering, and other social activities have been linked to positive mental health and even increased longevity. In contrast, prolonged psychological stress may negatively impact health, and has been cited as a factor in cognitive impairment with aging, depressive illness, and expression of disease.
Source: Wikipedia
the exercise is a statements-assignment. Read the tips down below to help you answer the questions:
Task 3 - Vocabulary
Look at the vocabularylist Reading - Factors of good health.
You have to study these words (meaning you have to learn them by heart).
Nederlands
Engels
letsel
injury
de huisarts
the G.P. (general practioner)
ik voel me niet lekker.
I don't feel well.
in toenemende mate
increasingly
op peil wordt gehouden en verbeterd
is maintained and improved
vordering en toepassing
the advancement and application
het streven
the efforts
volgens
according to
de belangrijkste bepalende factoren
the main determinants
het gedrag
the behaviors
de verbanden tussen
the linkages between
het gezondheidsbeleid
the health policy
de problemen die te maken hebben met manier van leven
the lifestyle issues
verbeteren
to improve
daarbovenop
in addition to that
langdurig(e)
prolonged
Kan ik ook om 8 uur 's ochtends komen?
Is it possible for me to come at 8 o'clock in the morning?
Ik zou graag een afspraak maken met de huisarts.
I would like to make an appointment with the G.P., please.
3 december om half 8 gaat niet lukken, helaas.
I'm sorry, I can't make the 3rd of December, I'm afraid.
Ik heb last van hoofdpijn.
I suffer from a headache.
You can also practise this vocabulary list on Quizlet
You have read the text and you have studied the vocabulary. Now answer the questions.
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
Talking about health part 1
You are going to talk about health, healthy living and health care.
Form groups of three or four pupils.
First study the idoms about health.
Everyone chooses three questions.
(Did you choose the same one? Pick another one.)
Discuss the questions in your group.
Report about your discussion to the rest of the class.
Study the idioms.
To be back on your feet – to recover from being unwell
As fit as a fiddle – in good health
Clean bill of health – an assurance that someone is healthy or something is in good condition
A new lease on life – a renewed and revitalized outlook on life
Recharge the batteries – to regain energy
Under the weather – to not feel well
Read the questions.
What are some things people can do to keep healthy?
What are the most damaging things to people’s health?
Is it possible to have a healthy lifestyle in the modern world?
What are the benefits of a healthy lifestyle?
What do you think are currently the most important health care issues?
If you were the leader of your country, what would you do to improve health care?
What do you think about natural remedies and alternative medicine?
What are some of the types of traditional remedies used in your country?
Do you think they are effective?
Why do you think it has been found that people are getting less sleep than 50 years ago?
Have you heard of the expression “you are what you eat”?
What health problems do you worry about most?
What are the best and worst jobs for health?
What do you think is the most serious health problem in your country?
Do you think traditional therapies are compatible with modern medicine?
Why do you think diseases like cancer are increasing?
Do you enjoy exercising?
Talking about health part 2: role-play
You are going to do a role play in pairs:
Form a group of 3 or 4.
First study the idoms below
Read the situation
Do the role play in pairs: One is the patient, one is the doctor's assistant, groupmember 3 (and 4) give feedback, using the RUBRIC.
Roleplay assignment:
Situatie: je belt de dokter om een afspraak te maken.
G.A. (GP's assistent): Good morning, G.P. Dr. Harolds' office, Maureen speaking. How may I help?
You: groet de assistente, zeg wie je bent en dat je een afspraak wilt maken met de huisarts.
G.A.: of course, what seems to be the problem?
You: vertel dat je je niet lekker voelt. Zeg dat je in toenemende mate last hebt van hoofdpijn. Daarbovenop wil je met de dokter praten over problemen die te maken hebben met je manier van leven.
G.A.: I'm so sorry to hear that. Let me see: you will need a double appointment I think. I could fit you in his agenda on the fourth of December, at half past 9. Is that okay?
You: vertel dat die datum en tijd niet gaan lukken. Vraag of het ook om 8 uur kan.
G.A.: Yes, that is possible. All right, I put your name down for the fourth of December at 8 o'clock. Anything else?
You: Zeg nee, bedankt. Bedank de assistente en wens haar een prettige dag.
Study the idioms.
Good morning/afternoon – goedemorgen/-middag
No, thank you. That's all. – nee, dank u. Dit is alles.
Have a nice day – een fijne dag toegewenst.
Preparation oral exam: Article
For your oral exam (next February) you have to discuss 3 news articles. You are going to practice this today.
You have read the article in task 2, so you already know what it is about. Prepare yourself for the following things:
1) give a brief summary of the article: what is it about? use the summary-sheet to help you summarize.
2) prepare yourself for questions your teacher may ask you about the article:
- what does.... mean? (make sure you can explain difficult words in English)
- what is the most interesting fact in the article, why?
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
Listen to the recording again. You can read the audioscript while listening.
I once had a friend that was diagnosed with terminal cancer, and the news that he might only live up to six months was a great shock to him, his family, and his friends.
However, in spite of the dire prognosis, he was initially determined to look into all available treatments that might cure or extend his life.
I think that when you find yourself in such situations, you tend to look up every possible avenue for hope of preserving your life.
As the months progressed and his health grew worse, I noticed an unexpected change in attitude that came over him. He had also been a jovial person with an upbeat personality, but rather (than) give in to discouragement and self-pity, he took comfort his faith in God and humanity. His conversations focused on others rather than himself, and he spoke of the afterlife as something he was prepared for, believing that his deceased ancestors, including his mother and father, were there waiting for him.
During the last few months, weeks, and days of his life, he was kindly cared for by family, friends, his loving wife, who looked after both his physical and emotional needs, and workers from a local hospice came to the home to help regulate his medication and provide any other needed support. He didn't complain about his fate, and he willingly allowed others to serve him, realizing they were the benefactors of something more.
Indeed, one might ponder why God allows death and suffering in our world, but for me, such experiences taught me to value family more and kindness for others. You often can't learn these important attributes in the lap of luxury, and perhaps, such an experience is the greatest and final gift the terminally ill can give those left behind.
Task 6 - Reading
Is it difficult to catch AIDS?
You are going to read a text about how to avoid getting AIDS.
Your body has some power to fight disease. This is called your body's immune system. HIV is a virus that weakens the body's immune system or power to fight disease.
HIV can pass from one person to another through body fluids like blood, semen, vaginal secretions, or a mother's breast milk.
HIV causes AIDS but not everyone who has HIV looks sick. It can take from two to ten or more years before someone who is HIV+ becomes sick with AIDS. The only way to find out if someone has HIV is for them to get tested for the virus.
HIV can pass from one person to another through unprotected sex with someone who is infected with HIV. HIV can pass from one person to another through sharing needles for drugs. HIV can also pass from a mother to her baby during pregnancy (before the baby is born) or through breast feeding, from the mother's milk. But only about 1/3 of babies of HIV+ mothers are infected this way.
Right now, there is no way to cure AIDS. People who become infected with HIV, become sick with AIDS after six months to ten years. Eventually, they die. There are some medicines to fight AIDS, but nothing yet that cures it. Scientists around the world are trying to find a cure for AIDS.
The main way that HIV is passed from person to person is through unprotected sex with a person who is HIV infected. Thinking carefully about sex, discussing sex with your partner and trying to have safe sex (for example using a condom during sex) are some ways that chances of HIV infection can be reduced.
HIV is very weak outside of the body and difficult to catch.
You cannot catch AIDS from visiting or talking to a friend who is sick with AIDS.
You cannot catch AIDS from hugging or kissing a friend who has HIV/AIDS.
You cannot catch AIDS from mosquito bites or insect bites.
You cannot catch AIDS from a toilet seat in a public restroom.
You cannot catch AIDS from going to the same school with someone who is sick with AIDS.
You cannot catch AIDS from being kind to someone who has AIDS.
AIDS is an international problem which touches people in every country of the world. People with AIDS need our support and encouragement. Let's think about how we can support them!
Source: http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/
the exercise is a statements-assignment. Read the tips down below to help you answer the questions:
Task 7 - Vocabulary
Look at the vocabulary list Reading - HIV virus.
You have to study these words (meaning you have to learn them by heart).
Nederlands
Engels
ziekte bestrijden
to fight disease
het immuunsysteem van je lichaam
your body’s immune system
verzwakken
to weaken
lichaamssappen
body fluids
het sperma
the semen
de afscheiding
the secretion
iets/je laten testen
to get tested
onbeschermd(e)
unprotected
kunnen worden teruggebracht
can be reduced
muggenbeten
mosquito bites
het openbare toilet
the public restroom
de ondersteuning
the support
de troost
the encouragement
You can also practise this vocabulary list on Quizlet.
You have read the text and you have studied the vocabulary. Now do the exercise.
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
Listen to the recording again. You can read the audioscript while listening.
Todd: So, Monica, you are actually a trained physical education teacher. Monica: Yes, that's right. Todd: So, we often hear about how kids today are not fit, and they don't exercise enough.
Do you think that's true? Monica: I think it is true, yes. I think kids these days spend a lot more time on the computer than they used to, so of course that means less time outside and getting fit. Todd: Now, in some countries there's a big debate about how much fitness kids actually do in school, so in your country, in New Zealand, do kids still do a lot of fitness actually in school? Monica: Well, recently the P.E. curriculum got amalgamated with the health curriculum, so P.E. and health were considered to be important in school, and the health side of the curriculum is often taught in the classroom, and of course the P.E. side often taught outside the classroom, and there's always debate about how much kids should be doing inside school. In fact very recently, now that it has become quite a big problem in New Zealand for teenagers, there has been talk about increasing the number of P.E. lessons that students have, but the current Prime Minister I think believes that the emphasis should be put on out-of-school activities like clubs and encouraging students to become more involved in that side of things. Todd: What do you feel? Do you think it should be? Monica: I actually agree to be honest, because I think if you increase the number of P.E. lessons that students have in a week, it doesn't actually necessarily increase their motivation to be involved in physical activity, but if like he's suggesting, you increase the opportunities outside of school, students maybe become involved in a sport that they choose, that they'd like to do and they hopefully can take it on as a lifetime sport. Yeah, which is important. Todd: But wouldn't the counter argument be that only kids that have a natural inclination to play sports would want to join those clubs and if the kids that are more sedentary or don't enjoy physical activity won't join a club, so you need to actually make them do fitness at school? Monica:Yeah, that's true. That is a counter argument, and a very good one … to argue on some other occasion. Of course I can talk about that side of the argument as well if you want me to. Todd: No, it's Okay. Basically, you saw there's … both sides make a good point.
Task 10 - Reading
Health journal
You are going to read four small articles about health and care.
The first one is about mental illness, the second one is about obesity. The third text is about smoking and the last one is about nursing.
There are many times when someone suffering from either mental illness or depression may not even realize there is a problem.
I have suffered from depression myself. I was completely unaware of what was wrong with me, my family doctor pointed it out to me, as I did not have any one else around me that recognized the symptoms.
It was hard for me to accept at first, but after having the hard facts placed in front of my face and understanding that it may get worse, I had no choice but to get help.
A lot of people who suffer from such problems tend to be more alone than anyone realizes.
I suspect that anyone who was unaware of their condition would probably be shocked, as I was, to have someone confront them about it.
A good friend would confront them anyway, and hopefully they would seek help.
Obese people don't want pity and we don't want anything but a hand up so we can get back to work.
Some of us would like to contribute and even pay taxes again but we need some assistance.
There are all kinds of programs assisting young people to go to school, like student loans and grants.
This really large group of our population could benefit from some sort of program that might involve education, liposuction, special footwear, and a part-time personal trainer who would develop individualized solutions for each person.
Let's get some intelligent kind of operation going.
Let's develop a war on fat.
Psychologist George Spilich at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to think and concentrate.
He put non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived of cigarettes through a series of tests.
In the first test, each subject sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.
The next test was more complex. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine, active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.
In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
In the fourth test, non-smokers were the best and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing.
As the tests became more complex, non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins.
Modern scientific and technological developments in the practice of medicine and public health have drawn nursing into new and wider fields of activity, and its functions have been expanded accordingly.
Therefore, nursing is no longer limited mainly to activities within the hospital, or to what is called curative nursing.
It has become also a community service in which preventive and rehabilitative functions are a vital part of its program.
The modern concept of nursing considers the hospital, however central, as only one of many health agencies in the community.
De onderstaande antwoorden moet je zelf nakijken; vergelijk jouw antwoorden met de goede
antwoorden, en geef aan in welke mate jouw antwoorden correct zijn.
World healthcare system for the rich
You are going to talk about healthcare systems across the world.
First read the article.
Form groups of three or four pupils.
Do the exercise.
Everyone chooses two questions.
(Did you choose the same one? Pick another one.)
Discuss the questions in your group.
Report about your discussion to the rest of the class.
Read the text.
A new United Nations report has found that healthcare systems across the world are becoming more unequal.
The annual World Health Report, launched on October 14th by the World Health Organization (WHO), found that the healthcare gap between rich and poor people is wider today than it was thirty years ago.
Even people living in the same city experience enormous differences in the quality of medical care they have access to.
The WHO said in its report: “In far too many cases, people who are well-off and generally healthier have the best access to the best care, while the poor are left to fend for themselves.”
Perhaps the saddest conclusion of the report is that health care today is frequently treated as something which hospitals can make profits on.
The WHO recommends a return to a more basic 'primary health care' system that many countries developed in the 1970s.
Back then, the sick could visit a family doctor and get the treatment they needed.
The report says healthcare no longer focuses on poorer members of society: “Health care is often delivered according to a model that concentrates on diseases, high technology, and specialist care,” it stated.
WHO Director-General Dr. Margaret Chan said: “Viewed against current trends, primary health care looks more and more like a smart way to get health development back on track.”
She added: “We are, in effect, encouraging countries to go back to the basics.”
More than 100 million people are pushed below the poverty line each year because they cannot afford healthcare.
Het arrangement Health and care - 4BBL 2019-2020 is gemaakt met
Wikiwijs van
Kennisnet. Wikiwijs is hét onderwijsplatform waar je leermiddelen zoekt,
maakt en deelt.
Auteur
Hanneke Slomp
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Laatst gewijzigd
2019-11-03 18:22:05
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Arrangement
Oefeningen en toetsen
Listening assignment: Dental Care
Reading assignment: Good health
Listening assignment: Cancer treatment
Reading assignment: Catch AIDS
Listening assignment: Physical Education
Reading assignment: Health journal
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Components of human health
Mental illness difficult to determine
Help needed for obese
research correlation smoking and concentration
Nursing beyond hospitalwalls
A new United Nations report has found that healthcare systems across the world are becoming more unequal.
