Present perfect

Present perfect - 1

The Present Perfect Simple expresses an action that is still going on or that has stoped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.
We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important.

You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in California, at that moment, that day, one day, etc.
We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

For regular verbs, in the Present Perfect Simple use has/have + past participle (verb + ed).
For irregular verbs use the list of irregular verbs in this link (third column):irregular verbs

Present perfect - 2

Examples: use of Present Perfect Simple

Puts emphasis on the result:
Example: She has written five letters.

Action that is still going on:
Example: School has not started yet.

Action that stopped recently:
Example: She has cooked dinner.

Finished action that has an influence on the present:
Example: I have lost my key.

Action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking:
Example: I have never been to Australia.

Present perfect - 3

Form of Present Perfect Simple:

 

Affirmative Negative Question
I have lived. have I lived? I haven't lived
You have lived. Have you lived? You haven't lived.
He has lived. Has he lived? He hasn't lived.
We have lived. Have we lived? We haven't lived.
You have lived. Have you lived? You haven't lived.
They have lived. Have they lived? They haven't lived.

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    VO-content
    Laatst gewijzigd
    2017-09-27 16:44:23
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