Forms of Past Perfect
The Past Perfect Tense is formed by using the Past Simple Tense of the verb 'to have' with the participle.
| Positive | Negative | Question | |
| All pronouns | I had worked | You had not worked | Had she worked? |
| We had spoken | He had not spoken | Had they spoken? |
| Exceptions in spelling when adding 'ed' | Example |
| after a final e only add d | love - loved |
| final consonant after a short, stressed vowel or / as final consonant after a vowel is doubled |
admit - admitted travel - travelled |
| final y after a consonant becomes i | hurry - hurried |
Use of Past Perfect
Signal words
The past perfect simple expresses an action taking place before a certain time in the past, or it expresses that someting did NOT happen in the past, and therefore something else did not, either.