Two steps

If you cite, paraphrase or summarise a source in your text, you must cite the source in two steps:

1. Give a brief description of the source in the text itself, or in a footnote or endnote, usually comprising a mention of the author(s), year of publication and page number(s).

2. Give the complete details of all the sources used in the reference list or bibliography. This provides readers with everything they need to look up a source.

Note that readers must also be able to find every reference (i.e. citation) made in the text in the reference list.