We evaluate change (the ideas of progress, regression / decline or continuity) by comparing points in the past with the present, or between two points in the past. Analysing and explaining the reasons for change and continuity /stability / stagnation over time involves considering:
the types/ diversity of change, e.g. political, economic, social; cultural, religious, technological.
the speed/rate of change, e.g. rapid, gradual, erratic, violent.
the extent, variations/ patterns of change e.g. localised, widespread, affecting certain groups more than others, in one area of life rather than many.
the duration of change, e.g. long-term, short-lived change.
key moments / key individuals and turning points that triggered change, e.g. economic events might ‘trigger’ or ‘precipitate’ change, an individual may ‘influence’ or ‘motivate’ change.
whether change involves progress, regression, evolution or leads to little real change (continuity).
the level of change and its significance, e.g. what made the most difference.
how people experienced, promoted, shaped or resisted change.