# Bronnenlijst

Europese Tornado's, Downbursts:

1. EUMeTrain. (2011). Pukkelpop storm – 18 August 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.eumetrain.org/resources/pukkelpop-storm-18-august-2011

2. EUMeTrain. (2011). Pukkelpop storm case study – navigation menu. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://resources.eumetrain.org/data/2/274/navmenu.php

3. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI). (2011). Het onweer van 18, 21 en 23 augustus 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.knmi.nl/kennis-en-datacentrum/achtergrond/het-onweer-van-18-21-en-23-augustus

4. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI). (n.d.). Uitleg windhozen (tornado’s) in Nederland. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.knmi.nl/kennis-en-datacentrum/uitleg/windhozen

5. NOS Nieuws. (2011, August 18). Drie doden bij noodweer Pukkelpop. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://nos.nl/l/265471

6. RTL Nieuws. (2011, August 18). Doden op Pukkelpop door noodweer. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.rtl.nl/nieuws/nederland/artikel/3080196/doden-op-pukkelpop-door-noodweer

7. Wikipedia. (n.d.). Downburst. In Wikipedia. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downburst

8. Universiteit Gent. (2013). Analyse van de Pukkelpop-storm van 18 augustus 2011 (Scriptie). Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/002/061/240/RUG01-002061240_2013_0001_AC.pdf

9. European Severe Weather Database (ESWD). (n.d.). Database van Europese tornado- en severe weather-events. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://w.eswd.eu

Overige informatie:

Algemene uitleg en overzicht

Wetenschappelijke achtergrond
4. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. (n.d.). Mediterranean cyclones: Dynamics and forecasting. ECMWF. https://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/projects/mediterranean-cyclones
5. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2023). Climate change 2023: The physical science basis. Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/

Specifiek over Medicanes
6. NASA Earth Observatory. (n.d.). Mediterranean hurricanes (Medicanes). https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/medicanes
7. Météo-France. (n.d.). Les cyclones méditerranéens (Medicanes). https://meteofrance.fr/actualites-accueil/medicanes

Aanvullend (visueel / educatief)
8. EUMETSAT. (n.d.). YouTube channel: Weather and satellite animations. https://www.youtube.com/@EUMETSAT
9. Met Office. (n.d.). YouTube channel: Tropical cyclone animations. https://www.youtube.com/@metoffice

Downbursts:

1. EUMeTrain. (2011). Pukkelpop storm – 18 August 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.eumetrain.org/resources/pukkelpop-storm-18-august-2011

2. EUMeTrain. (2011). Pukkelpop storm case study – navigation menu. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://resources.eumetrain.org/data/2/274/navmenu.php

3. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI). (2011). Het onweer van 18, 21 en 23 augustus 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.knmi.nl/kennis-en-datacentrum/achtergrond/het-onweer-van-18-21-en-23-augustus

4. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (KNMI). (n.d.). Uitleg windhozen (tornado’s) in Nederland. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.knmi.nl/kennis-en-datacentrum/uitleg/windhozen

5. NOS Nieuws. (2011, August 18). Drie doden bij noodweer Pukkelpop. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://nos.nl/l/265471

6. RTL Nieuws. (2011, August 18). Doden op Pukkelpop door noodweer. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://www.rtl.nl/nieuws/nederland/artikel/3080196/doden-op-pukkelpop-door-noodweer

7. Wikipedia. (n.d.). Downburst. In Wikipedia. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downburst

8. Universiteit Gent. (2013). Analyse van de Pukkelpop-storm van 18 augustus 2011 (Scriptie). Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/002/061/240/RUG01-002061240_2013_0001_AC.pdf

9. European Severe Weather Database (ESWD). (n.d.). Database van Europese tornado- en severe weather-events. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from https://w.eswd.eu

- KNMI. (n.d.). Intertropische convergentiezone (ITCZ). Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut. Geraadpleegd op 3 februari 2026, van https://www.knmi.nl

- National Hurricane Center. (n.d.). Tropical cyclone climatology. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Geraadpleegd op 3 februari 2026, van https://www.nhc.noaa.gov

- National Weather Service. (n.d.). The Coriolis Effect and its influence on meteorological phenomena. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

- National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. (2019). The American Practical Navigator: An epitome of navigation (Bowditch) (Pub No. 9). U.S. Government.

- World Meteorological Organization. (2021). Guide to marine meteorological services (WMO-No. 471). WMO.